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Executive Summary
The ICS project provides the solution to the Waste, Water and the Sewage systems through the provision of remote and local control of the movement of the turbulence of the liquid and aqueous solutions. The ICS system incorporates the combination of different integrated systems that control pressure regulates the speed as well as controlling the gate valves in water catchment areas. The ICS system implements the SCADA technology to take the digital management and control of the wastewater and the sewage. The SCADA technology applies the sensor approach methodology whereby the sensor mechanism gets involved in managing and controlling the intake and the pumps used at the various points in the industrial system. The gadgets controlled include the water pumps the distributors and the purifying centers. The SCADA automates the process of the water supply to enhance proportional distribution of water in industries, factories, urban centers, rural areas, the domestic utilization and the agricultural operations like irrigation. The ICS-SCADA system gets applied in the Waste and Sewage system control and disposal. The SCADA systems monitor the discrete data and information concerning the entry of the waste material within the conduit pipes. The applications of the SCADA in the ICS include the pressure hydraulic pumps utilized in the boreholes gas and oil distributing industries.

ICS Industry Architecture Being Designed
The ICS system shall incorporate the utilization of the hardware and the software integration of materials and components. The structure and the design of the ICS-SCADA system shall include the user interface architectural design, the backend and the front end operation interface. The ICS-SCADA systems architecture incorporates the relational and the non-relational database design. The design of the ICS-SCADA control and management structure shall implement the three tires and the two tire client-server based systems to ensure multiple computer-based operations. The system hardware and software components include the dedicated Remote Terminal Units (RTU) and the Radio Telemetry Units for running and controlling the control algorithms for the flow control (Brodsky, & Radvanovsky, 2011). The architecture also incorporates the input and the output systems for the displaying of the graphics, charts and diagrams for the monitored and analyzed values. The video display monitors and the telnet oriented video conferencing system shall get embedded in different terminals to enhance the remote and local troubleshooting and diagnosing of the entire system. The ICS-SCADA system shall incorporate the electromagnetic field sensors for the detection of flaws and dangers imposed within the system to relay the alarms and notifications to end users. The system architecture shall incorporate the installation of the storage devices interlinked with the data and information repository backup systems. The storage system shall implement the VMware cloud computing system to facilitate the storage of data and information for the future decision making. The ICS-SCADA system architecture shall take into consideration the installation and embedding of the artificial intelligent systems to enhance big data analysis as well as data mining and data warehousing for the waste, water, and the sewage control.

1. Overview

The SCADA project shall implement the Redundant Fiber Optic and the Ethernet network. The system shall use the Node system of linking the World Wide Web interface. The proposed SCADA system within the Waste, Water and the Sewage system shall involve the replacement of the Unix SCADA systems with the improved redundant SCADA systems. The project team shall design a comprehensive system that incorporates the mesh network topology. The network topology shall link over 5000 data points using the SCADA System and connect the complete installation and integration of the control systems (Brodsky, & Radvanovsky, 2011).

2. Statement of Need
The government and the water treatment center shall provide the solution to the general public industries and the agricultural sectors through the installation of the water treatment points and plants in different stages. The current problem of impure water requires the application of the sewers and the pump stations in the water treatment and catchment areas. The solution on the waste dumping and flow require the installation of the waste and water treatment plant at various points of water flow. The sewage control and management problem require the implementation of the ICS-SCADA sludge treatment plant in the urban and the industrial areas (Pramod, et al…, 2013). The various treatment points require monitoring of flow turbulence to regulate the speed and pressure of the materials on the transit network.

3. Detailed Description
The ICS-SCADA system shall incorporate the operational interfaces that gather and conduct the entire system control at the various routes and the section of the interface. The operational strategies shall incorporate the implementation of the SCADA Human Machine Interface (HMI) (Dzung, et al…, 2005). The system shall get embedded to the network terminals and the links to facilitate easier reading and interpretation of data and information. The system shall apply the simplified user capabilities over the entire system that guarantee operational and implementation friendly.

ICS Network Architecture
The main physical and logical devices implemented in the ICS-SCADA system involve the processors, the controllers, and the RTU’s. The entire system shall incorporate the connection of the devices via the neutral fiber optic and the Ethernet network. The processing unit shall manage and control the input and the output materials within the SCADA systems. The controllers shall include the Programmable Logic Control (PLC) responsible for automation of observing and analyzing of data and information (IEEE Guide for the Commissioning of Electrical Systems in Hydroelectric Power Plants, 1998). PLC allows easy programming of different applications. The Physical Control Systems (PCS) controls the movement of materials by regulating the speed and pressure. The Remote Terminal Units (RTU’s) have the responsibility for facilitating synchronization between pumps and the sensor mechanisms. The RTU’s adjusts the data and information according to the analysis within the system.

Introduction
The oil market is normally oligopoly since the industry normally has a few firms although the large proportion of the output in the industry shared among a few firms. Oil is one of the commodities heavily traded in the entire world. The oil demand, on the other hand, normally prices inelastic as a result of the versatility in its uses. The fluctuations in the oil prices play a significant role in the impacts for the oil exporters/producers as well as the fact that most of the nations around the world are dependent on oil being their chief energy source.

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Saudi Arabia is among the most rapidly growing nations in the greater Middle East regions. The development of the country’s oil sector is the main attribute that has been making it possible for the major improvement of the county’s position in the context of the international community. The evident increase energy needs in the world have contributed to the rapid development of the nations that have major oil productions, with Saudi Arabia the main country. The economy of Saudi Arabia is heavily dependent upon their oil industries. The ministry of petroleum, as well as mineral resources, offers the estimation that more than 90% of the expert in the country are normally from the proceeds of the oil export (Fattouh 2013). The export of oils into the world markets contributes more than 40% of the country’s GDP. Additionally the common assertion is that Saudi Arabia is world’s second largest producer of crude oil as well as an exporter.

For decades, the Saudi Arabian economic development has been dependent on their strong success in the oil industry. The country is world’s largest producer as well as exporter of the petroleum products and at the same time is a second largest producer of crude oil after Russia. Their economy is also dependent on the oil as well as the oil related industries encompassing the refinery of petroleum as well as petrochemicals. At the same time, Saudi Arabia is the biggest consumer of energy in the Middle East countries mainly as a result of their growing population as well as the large-scale development projects they are undertaking (Aissaoui 2013). The large government subsidies on fuel as well as the historically high prices of oil are the main causes that have been stimulating domestic consumption.

Considering the country’s high levels of production, it accounts for approximately 13% of world’s oil output and consequently almost 35% of the overall OPEC annual oil productions. The country has become a major determinant of the world oil demand as well as supply implying that the country’s oil production policies cold have a far-reaching effect on international oil prices (Naimi, 2012). From the 1970s, Saudi Arabia has been using their dominance to influence the prices of oil and consequently further their objectives in the sustenance of the long-term oil consumption. Additionally they have been using their dominance to promote their economic stability in the context of the industrialized world.

Reserves
Research indicates that Saudi Arabia possesses approximately 266 billion of oil reserves that have already proven which accounts for 16% of all the proved oil reserves in the world. Even though the country has approximately 100 main oil as well as gas fields, over 8 of their fields are normally located in the country’s northeast portion (Fattouh and van der Linde 2011). The giant Ghawar oil field is the world’s biggest field in the context of production as well as overall remaining reserves.

Production
The country produced an average of 11.8 million bbl/d of the overall oil liquids in the year 2013. The total production of the petroleum products, however, declined by 0.14 million bbl/d from the year 2012 which was their first decline since the year 2009 (Fattouh and van der Linde 2011). Additionally the country declined it oil production in the year 2013 with the objective of accommodating the non-OPEC production development from the country as Canada as well as the US.

Processing
Saudi Aramco is the firm that operates the world’s biggest oil processing facility in addition to a crude oil stabilization plant. It additionally possesses a crude oil processing capacity of over 7 million bbl/d. The efforts by Saudi Arabia to maintain their leading position in the international oil market has been the foundation of their economic policies from the beginning of the 1990s. Although the country has been making attempts aimed at diversifying their economy, the development of a self-propagating mo oil sector has been a very difficult task for the Saudi planners (Naimi, 2012). The government none the less has been able to offer above-average living standards for its citizens as well as the development of a world-class infrastructure basis as well as the social services. However, the sustenance of these living standards, however, is greatly dependent chiefly on the spending of the government which relies on the revenues from its oil industries. In this case, it is not possible for the Saudi Arabian government to neglect their oil industry as it has proven to be their chief economic engine.

The development of the oil industry is additionally a significant attribute in the promotion of the domestic political stability. In the early production days, it was evident that there was going to be the reduction in the Russia as well as from the other OPEC countries. Consequently, the country realized an opportunity to develop their disproportionate share of the net increment in the crude oil demand over the following years. With the objective of realizing their endeavor, the country focused on expanding their oil industry and consequently augments their production capacities. Also, the country embarked on the plans for upgrading their refineries with the objective of meeting the contemporary environmental standards in the west as well as their growing domestic demand.

The oil production in Saudi Arabia negatively correlated with those of other OPEC producing nations and consequently has been highly volatile although the country has not experienced any political shocks. Saudi Arabia sets its oil output in the anticipation that there is going to be the reaction of the fringe as well as maximize their profits relying on the residual demand (Naimi, 2012). The additional evident that is available from the various literature is that Saudi does not vary the output of their oil industries about the demand changes in the international markets. Instead of Saudi acting as the dominant oil producer, the country adopts a tit for tat strategy in punishing their members who produce beyond their quotas while at the same time rewarding those who normally comply.